Protective Action of Cannabidiol on Tiamulin Toxicity in Humans-In Vitro Study

Area of Science:

• Food toxicology
• Veterinary pharmacology
• Cell biology

Background:

• Veterinary drug residues, like tiamulin, in food pose public health risks.
• Cannabidiol (CBD), from Cannabis sativa L., is explored for mitigating adverse drug effects.
• Understanding tiamulin's impact on human cells is crucial for food safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effect of CBD on tiamulin-induced cytotoxicity in human cell lines.
• To assess the protective potential of CBD against tiamulin's adverse cellular impacts.
• To determine the interaction dynamics between tiamulin and CBD.

Main Methods:

• Exposure of SH-SY5Y, HepG2, and HEK-293 cell lines to tiamulin and tiamulin/CBD mixtures for 72 hours.
• Assessment of cytotoxicity using endpoints: mitochondrial/lysosomal activity, proliferation, membrane integrity, DNA synthesis.
• Evaluation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell morphology, and combination index for interaction analysis.

Main Results:

• Tiamulin alone inhibited lysosomal, mitochondrial activity, and DNA synthesis in specific cell lines.
• Tiamulin/CBD mixtures showed higher IC50 values, indicating reduced cytotoxicity.
• CBD co-administration reduced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and altered cell morphology compared to tiamulin alone.

Conclusions:

• CBD demonstrates a protective effect against tiamulin's cytotoxicity in human cells.
• The interaction between tiamulin and CBD is concentration-dependent, ranging from antagonistic to synergistic.
• These findings highlight CBD's potential role in food toxicology and mitigating risks from veterinary drug residues.