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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 7, 2026

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults
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Sybil Attack-Resistant Blockchain-Based Proof-of-Location Mechanism with Privacy Protection in VANET.

Narayan Khatri1, Sihyung Lee2, Seung Yeob Nam1

  • 1Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a Proof-of-Location (PoL) scheme using smart contracts to prevent Sybil attacks in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The method effectively verifies vehicle locations while protecting privacy and reducing fake registrations below 10%.

Keywords:
VANETblockchainprivacyproof-of-location (PoL)smart contractsybil attack

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Cybersecurity
  • Network Engineering

Background:

  • Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are vulnerable to Sybil attacks, where a single entity creates multiple fake identities to disrupt network operations.
  • Existing location verification schemes often struggle with scalability and privacy preservation in dynamic VANET environments.
  • Smart contracts offer a decentralized and tamper-proof solution for managing and verifying shared data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel Proof-of-Location (PoL)-based location verification scheme to mitigate Sybil attacks in VANETs.
  • To leverage smart contracts and blockchain technology for secure and reliable storage and verification of vehicle location data.
  • To ensure the privacy of vehicle location information while enabling effective verification.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a PoL scheme where vehicles solve unique computational puzzles from Road Side Units (RSUs) to report their location.
  • Utilized smart contracts managed by RSUs to act as a ground truth for location verification.
  • Employed a dedicated blockchain maintained by RSUs for storing smart contract data and location information.
  • Incorporated a PoL privacy preservation mechanism for secure verification.

Main Results:

  • The proposed scheme effectively mitigates Sybil attacks by preventing the creation of multiple fake identities through computational puzzles.
  • Smart contracts successfully store and verify vehicle location data, acting as a trusted source.
  • Experimental results demonstrate a fake location registration probability lower than 10%, outperforming existing approaches.
  • The privacy preservation mechanism allows location verification without compromising individual vehicle privacy.

Conclusions:

  • The PoL-based location verification scheme is an effective solution for enhancing security in VANETs against Sybil attacks.
  • The integration of smart contracts and blockchain provides a robust and privacy-preserving framework for location management.
  • The proposed method significantly reduces the likelihood of fake location registrations, improving overall network integrity.