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Related Concept Videos

Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

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Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
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Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
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Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

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The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
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Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

Diversity of Antigen Receptors

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
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Receptor Binding Domain-Specific B Cell Memory Responses Among Individuals Vaccinated Against SARS-CoV-2.

Atharv Athavale1, Anmol Gaur1, Nafees Ahmed1

  • 1BRIC-Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad 21001, India.

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Summary

Corbevax and Sputnik Light vaccines generated superior antibody-secreting cell responses in Indians compared to other COVID-19 vaccines. This study highlights key differences in vaccine-induced immune memory for future strategies.

Keywords:
antibody-secreting cell (ASC)coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)memory B cell (MBC)receptor-binding domain (RBD)severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Virology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic spurred rapid vaccine development, with India developing indigenous vaccines alongside utilizing global ones.
  • While antibody titers are initial indicators, long-term immunity depends on memory B and T cell responses.
  • Research on vaccine-induced immune memory, especially B cell memory in the Indian population, is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the memory B cell response and antibody secretion capacity in Indians vaccinated with different COVID-19 vaccines.
  • To compare the immune memory induced by Covaxin, Covishield, Corbevax, and Sputnik Light vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)-specific memory B cells in peripheral blood.
  • Measured the ability of these cells to secrete antigen-specific antibodies.
  • Included vaccinated individuals (Covaxin, Covishield, Corbevax, Sputnik Light) and unvaccinated controls.

Main Results:

  • Corbevax and Sputnik Light demonstrated more robust and sustained antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses over time.
  • These vaccines induced a stronger recall response compared to Covaxin and Covishield.
  • Significant differences in B cell memory function were observed between vaccine groups.

Conclusions:

  • Corbevax and Sputnik Light appear to induce superior long-term immune memory B cell responses in the Indian population.
  • Findings provide valuable insights into vaccine-induced immune memory specific to the Indian context.
  • Results can inform the selection and development of future vaccine strategies for infectious diseases.