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Persistent Rhesus Enteric Calicivirus Infection in Recombinant CHO Cells Expressing the Coxsackie and Adenovirus
Tibor Farkas1, Zeinab R Aboezz1
1Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Viruses
|January 8, 2025
Summary
Rhesus enteric calicivirus (ReCV) establishes persistent infections in recombinant CHO cells without causing cell damage. Infectious virus is continuously produced and released, suggesting a non-lytic exit mechanism.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Rhesus enteric calicivirus (ReCV) requires coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR), histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), or sialic acid for infection.
- ReCV causes lytic infections in LLC-MK2 cells but shows no visible cytopathic effect in recombinant CHO (rCHO) cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the nature of ReCV infection in rCHO cells, specifically focusing on persistence and viral release.
- To explore the potential of rCHO cells as a producer cell line for ReCV and as a model for studying non-lytic viral exit.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a CAR and sialic acid-dependent ReCV strain (FT7) in rCHO-CAR+ cell lines.
- Monitored viral production through freeze-thawing and titration on LLC-MK2 cells.
- Detected viral capsid protein and double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) via passage 12.
Main Results:
- Recombinant CHO cells were persistently infected with ReCV.
- Infectious virus was continuously produced and released without observable cell damage.
- Viral components (capsid protein, dsRNA) were consistently detected in infected cells for at least 12 passages.
Conclusions:
- ReCV establishes a persistent, non-lytic infection in rCHO cells.
- A non-lytic, potentially exosomal, viral exit mechanism is proposed for ReCV in these cells.
- rCHO cells offer a valuable model for ReCV production and studying enteric calicivirus non-lytic exit strategies.
