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Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...

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Induction and Micro-CT Imaging of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations in Mouse Model

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11C-Methionine PET/CT in Cryptococcus Meningoencephalitis.

Yoichi Otomi¹, Natsumi Teshima², Takayoshi Shinya³

¹From the Department of Radiology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine

|January 8, 2025

Summary

A 70-year-old man presented with an epileptic seizure. Diagnosis of Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis was confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid analysis, revealing Cryptococcus neoformans.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Infectious Diseases
Neuroimaging

Background:

Epileptic seizures can be a presenting symptom of various neurological conditions, including infections.
Neuroimaging plays a crucial role in differentiating infectious etiologies from neoplastic processes.

Observation:

A 70-year-old male presented with an epileptic seizure.
MRI revealed left occipital cortex abnormalities with gadolinium enhancement.
11C-Methionine PET/CT showed increased uptake in the left occipital lobe cortex.

Findings:

Cerebrospinal fluid examination identified Cryptococcus neoformans.
The findings led to a diagnosis of Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering infectious causes, such as Cryptococcus meningoencephalitis, in patients presenting with seizures and focal brain lesions.
Integrated neuroimaging (MRI and PET/CT) and cerebrospinal fluid analysis are essential for accurate diagnosis and management.