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Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta
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Placental Abruption: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Emily Schneider1,2, Wendy L Kinzler1,2

  • 1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine.

Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
|January 8, 2025
PubMed

Placental abruption is a complete or partial separation of the placenta from the uterine decidua. Clinical manifestations include vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions, and abnormalities in the fetal heart rate tracing. Placental abruption occurs in 0.4% to 1.0% of all pregnancies. However, the pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. We present a review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of placental abruption, exploring overlapping processes which contribute to premature placental separation. Classic findings and limitations of ultrasound in evaluating placental abruption are explained. Finally, we discuss the management of placental abruption based on gestational age, fetal status, and maternal hemodynamic stability.

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