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Related Concept Videos

Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

616
Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Thermal Expansion01:22

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The expansion of alcohol in a thermometer is one of many commonly encountered examples of thermal expansion, which is the change in size or volume of a given system as its temperature changes. The most visible example is the expansion of hot air. When air is heated, it expands and becomes less dense than the surrounding air, which then exerts an upward force on the hot air to, for example, make steam and smoke rise, and hot air balloons float. The same behavior happens in all liquids and gases,...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
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Chemical Synthesis of Porous Barium Titanate Thin Film and Thermal Stabilization of Ferroelectric Phase by Porosity-Induced Strain
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Structurally and electronically driven uniaxial negative thermal expansion in BaIrO3.

Alexander J Browne1,2, A Dominic Fortes3, Andreas W Rost2

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Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
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Barium iridate (BaIrO3) exhibits rare negative thermal expansion in hexagonal perovskites, driven by unique structural and electronic properties of its iridium oxide (IrO6) trimers.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid State Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Negative thermal expansion (NTE) is a rare phenomenon observed in specific material structures.
  • Hexagonal perovskites typically do not exhibit significant NTE.
  • Understanding NTE mechanisms is crucial for designing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thermal expansion properties of hexagonal perovskite Barium iridate (BaIrO3).
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanism responsible for anomalous thermal expansion in BaIrO3.
  • To explore the relationship between structural, electronic, and phonon behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental characterization of BaIrO3's thermal expansion.
  • Analysis of structural and electronic properties.
  • Investigation of phonon behavior and its relation to material properties.

Main Results:

  • Barium iridate (BaIrO3) displays negative linear thermal expansion along the IrO6 trimer axis.
  • Apparent zero volume thermal expansion observed below 100 K.
  • Evidence suggests a rigid body phonon mechanism linked to the effective trimer valence state.

Conclusions:

  • BaIrO3 exhibits unusual negative thermal expansion, rare for hexagonal perovskites.
  • The observed anomalous behavior is attributed to a unique interplay of structural and electronic factors governing phonon dynamics.
  • This study provides insights into novel mechanisms driving negative thermal expansion in materials.