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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Tool to Induce Plasticity in Pathways Relevant for Extinction Learning
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Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Does Not Accelerate Fear Extinction: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled

Martina D'Agostini1,2, Lucas Vanden Bossche1, Andreas M Burger1

  • 1Research Group Health Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

Psychophysiology
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) did not accelerate fear extinction learning in healthy participants. Current stimulation parameters do not reliably enhance fear extinction, suggesting further research into optimal protocols is needed.

Keywords:
differential conditioning protocolfear extinction learningtaVNS

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is hypothesized to enhance fear extinction by increasing noradrenergic activity.
  • Previous studies show mixed results, with some suggesting taVNS benefits early extinction learning, particularly in expectancy measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether taVNS accelerates fear extinction learning.
  • To assess taVNS effects on US expectancy, fear-potentiated startle (FPS), and skin conductance response (SCR).

Main Methods:

  • A differential fear conditioning paradigm was used with 79 healthy participants.
  • Participants received either taVNS to the left cymba concha or sham stimulation.
  • Continuous stimulation at the maximum tolerable level was applied during extinction learning.

Main Results:

  • taVNS did not significantly accelerate fear extinction learning across all measured outcomes (US expectancy, FPS, SCR).
  • Both frequentist and Bayesian analyses supported null findings.
  • The results suggest taVNS, using common parameters, does not reliably improve fear extinction.

Conclusions:

  • taVNS with standard stimulation parameters does not effectively enhance fear extinction learning.
  • Further research is required to determine if specific stimulation protocols can optimize taVNS efficacy.
  • Optimizing taVNS protocols may be key to its application in fear extinction.