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Simulated Cam Morphology of the Hip Changes Sacroiliac Motion During Hip Motion and Loading in a Cadaveric Model

Mason E Uvodich1, Alex W Hooke1, Zachary V Braig1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.

Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
|January 8, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cam morphology in the hip influences sacroiliac (SI) joint motion, causing medial and posterior movement. Increased torque affects motion magnitude but not direction, highlighting cam morphology

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic biomechanics
  • Hip and pelvis anatomy
  • Cadaveric research

Background:

  • Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is linked to hip pain and dysfunction.
  • Cam morphology, a type of FAI, involves abnormal bone growth on the femoral head-neck junction.
  • The impact of cam morphology on ipsilateral sacroiliac (SI) joint motion is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between simulated cam morphology of the hip and ipsilateral SI joint motion.
  • To compare SI joint motion in a simulated cam state versus a native hip state in a cadaveric model.

Main Methods:

  • A simulated cam was created on 5 cadaveric hips using 3D-printed components.
  • Hips were analyzed using computed tomography and a 6-degree-of-freedom robot to apply internal rotation torque.
  • Measurements included translational and rotational movements at the SI joint under varying torque levels (6, 12, 18 N-m).

Main Results:

  • Simulated cam morphology was associated with medial (coronal plane) and posterior (sagittal plane) SI joint motion.
  • Cam morphology significantly altered sagittal plane rotation but not coronal or axial rotation.
  • Increased torque amplified the magnitude of SI joint translation but did not alter its direction.

Conclusions:

  • Simulated cam morphology induces specific directional changes in ipsilateral SI joint motion (medial, inferior, posterior).
  • Torque magnitude influences the extent of SI joint translation, while cam morphology dictates its direction.
  • This biomechanical link offers insights into SI joint dysfunction in patients with cam-type FAI.
Abstract

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