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FOCAL SCLERAL NODULES: Retrospective Case Series and Novel Insight.

Haaris A Shiwani¹, Danyal Memon², Usman Hayat¹

¹Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)

|January 8, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details focal scleral nodules (FSN), an uncommon eye condition. It found FSN can occur with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, a potential new complication.

Keywords:

focal scleral nodule idiopathic scleroma polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy solitary idiopathic choroiditis unifocal helioid choroiditis

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Retinal Diseases

Background:

Focal scleral nodules (FSN) are rare ophthalmic findings with limited existing literature.
Understanding the characteristics and potential complications of FSN is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To contribute to the limited body of knowledge on focal scleral nodules (FSN).
To describe the clinical presentation, imaging features, and potential associations of FSN.

Main Methods:

A retrospective, single-center observational case series involving 19 patients over 13 years.
Data collected included patient demographics, fundal imaging, autofluorescence, and Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography (EDI-OCT).

Main Results:

FSN were typically observed in female patients (median age 47), with good visual acuity (median 20/20).
Lesions varied in color (yellow to orange) and size (median length 2.02 mm, thickness 417 µm).
Choroidal thinning or absence was noted, and most FSN were hyperautofluorescent. One case presented with FSN and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Conclusions:

This study expands the literature on FSN, providing data on a medium-sized cohort over an extended period.
The identification of FSN co-occurring with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy suggests a potential new complication of this rare condition.