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Mast cells and arteriogenesis: A systematic review.

Alice Nassar1, Elizabeth Wagura2, Marios Loukas3

  • 1Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, School of Medicine, West Indies, Grenada; Department of Internal Medicine, Trinity Health Hospital, Livonia, Michigan, USA.

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Mast cells are crucial for arteriogenesis, promoting collateral vessel growth after arterial occlusion. Targeting mast cell activation offers a potential therapeutic strategy for treating ischemia-related diseases.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Vascular occlusive diseases pose a significant global health challenge.
  • Arteriogenesis, the growth of collateral vessels, is a key adaptive response to arterial occlusion.
  • The cellular mediators of arteriogenesis, especially immune cells like mast cells, are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the contribution of mast cells to arteriogenesis.
  • To investigate mast cell roles in vascular cell proliferation and leukocyte recruitment.
  • To explore mast cell activation mechanisms and therapeutic potential in ischemia.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • Analysis of studies on mast cells, immune cells, growth factors, and arteriogenesis.
  • Examination of factors triggering mast cell-mediated pro-arteriogenic responses.

Main Results:

  • Mast cells are critically linked to inflammatory cells, innate immunity, and growth factors in arteriogenesis.
  • Key mechanisms involve mast cell activation, shear stress, and growth factor recruitment.
  • Factors like nitrite, dipyridamole, thrombin, and cobra venom activate mast cells for pro-arteriogenic factor release.

Conclusions:

  • Mast cells play a significant pro-arteriogenic role, particularly in the early inflammatory phase of vessel occlusion.
  • Targeting mast cell activation presents a promising therapeutic avenue for enhancing arteriogenesis.
  • This strategy could lead to novel treatments for ischemia-related diseases.