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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

1.1K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
1.1K
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

746
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
746
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

923
When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0%...
923
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

908
In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in...
908
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds00:55

IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds

592
When infrared radiation is passed through a molecule, absorption occurs if the molecule's vibration leads to a substantial change in its bond dipole moment. Transitions between vibrational energy levels, typically corresponding to infrared frequencies (4000–400 cm−1), allow absorption if the vibration significantly alters the dipole moment, making the molecule infrared active. The molecular bonds have different stretching and bending vibrations, resulting in various peaks with...
592

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
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Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

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An infrared, Raman, and X-ray database of battery interphase components.

Lukas Karapin-Springorum1,2, Asia Sarycheva1, Andrew Dopilka1

  • 1Energy Storage & Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA.

Scientific Data
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a data library for battery interphases, including vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data. This resource simplifies access to vital interphase chemistry information, accelerating battery technology advancements.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding battery interphases is crucial for advancing lithium-ion and emerging battery technologies.
  • Characterizing interphases is challenging due to the complex mixture of compounds and difficulty in spectral interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive data library of vibrational spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data for ten key interphase constituent compounds.
  • To provide researchers with streamlined access to essential interphase data, facilitating battery research.

Main Methods:

  • Collected attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction data.
  • Utilized custom sample chambers to maintain inert atmospheres during data collection.
  • Compiled data for ten identified interphase compounds relevant to battery chemistries.

Main Results:

  • A consolidated data library of interphase compound spectra and diffraction patterns was successfully generated.
  • The library includes diverse spectroscopic and crystallographic information for critical battery interface materials.
  • Data was collected under controlled inert conditions to ensure accuracy and reliability.

Conclusions:

  • The presented data library significantly simplifies access to reference data for battery interphases.
  • This resource accelerates research by providing readily available, vital interphase-relevant data.
  • Improved understanding of interphase chemistry will drive further advancements in energy storage technologies.