Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Reprogramming Primary Amniotic Fluid and Membrane Cells to Pluripotency in Xeno-free Conditions
Published on: November 27, 2017
Immunoreactive oestrogens and progesterone in amniotic fluid in twin pregnancies
Abstract:
Amniotic fluid concentrations of immunoreactive oestrogens and progesterone were measured at the time of caesarean section in 32 twin pregnancies; 25 women had an elective section and seven were in labour at the time of operation. No significant differences between concentrations in the amniotic fluid of the first and second twin were found in respect of conjugated and unconjugated oestrone, oestradiol, oestriol, oestetrol and unconjugated progesterone either before or during labour. It is unlikely that changes in oestrogens or progesterone in the amniotic fluid are responsible for the selective changes seen in prostaglandins and fetal adrenal steroid during labour in the first twin.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
The Fluid Mosaic Model
Fluid Pressure
According to Pascal's law, a fluid at rest will generate equal pressure in all directions. This pressure is measured as a force per unit area, and its magnitude depends on the fluid's specific...
Accelerating Fluids
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
Cerebrospinal Fluid
CSF Production
CSF is produced mainly in the choroid plexus, a network of capillaries and ependymal cells located within the ventricular system of the brain....
Characteristics of Fluids
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
Characteristics of Fluids

