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Engaging Community Pharmacies in Promoting Outpatient Medication Safety - Identifying and Prioritizing Research Needs
Emilia Mäkinen1, Anna-Kaisa Taimi1,2, Charlotta Sandler3,4
1Clinical Pharmacy Group, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Risk Management and Healthcare Policy
|January 9, 2025
Summary
Community pharmacies are key to improving outpatient medication safety. Research priorities include collaboration, care pathways, pharmacy operations, incident reporting, and pharmacy-based services to enhance patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Patient Safety
- Pharmacy Practice
Background:
- Medication errors significantly endanger patient safety globally.
- Current research predominantly focuses on hospital settings, neglecting outpatient care needs.
- Community pharmacies offer untapped potential for enhancing outpatient medication safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify critical research needs for leveraging community pharmacies in outpatient medication risk management.
- Enhance collaboration between community pharmacies and the broader health and social care system.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a modified nominal group technique with 28 Finnish patient and medication safety experts.
- Employed electronic surveys and facilitated online group meetings for data collection.
- Analyzed data using qualitative inductive thematic analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis.
Main Results:
- Identified 83 research needs across five themes: collaboration (30%), care pathways (27%), pharmacy operations (17%), incident reporting (16%), and pharmacy services (11%).
- Prioritized research needs span all identified themes, highlighting a comprehensive approach to medication safety.
Conclusions:
- Significant research is needed to integrate community pharmacies into outpatient medication risk management.
- Evidence generation on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness is crucial for practice development and policy.
- Updated regulations are necessary to support the implementation of evidence-based practices in community pharmacies.
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