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Updated: May 3, 2026

An Assessment Method and Toolkit to Evaluate Keyboard Design on Smartphones
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Accessible Gesture Typing on Smartphones for People with Low Vision.

Dan Zhang1, William H Seiple2, Zhi Li1

  • 1Department of Computer Science, Stony Brook University New York, USA.

Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology
|January 9, 2025
PubMed
Summary

We developed two new keyboards for low vision users to improve gesture typing. The key-magnified keyboard achieved a 27.5% faster typing speed than conventional methods.

Keywords:
accessibilitygesture inputlow visionsmartphone keyboardtext inputword gesture

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Assistive Technology
  • Accessibility Research

Background:

  • Gesture typing is common on touchscreens but lacks support for low vision users.
  • Existing solutions often hinder usability when screen magnifiers are active.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate novel keyboard prototypes enabling gesture typing for individuals with low vision.
  • To develop a decoding algorithm accommodating unique typing behaviors of low vision users.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented two keyboard prototypes: layout-magnified and key-magnified.
  • Developed a kinematics-based decoding algorithm for flexible gesture recognition.
  • Conducted a user study comparing prototype performance against conventional gesture typing.

Main Results:

  • Both prototypes allowed uninterrupted key access with active screen magnifiers.
  • The key-magnified keyboard achieved 5.28 words per minute.
  • This represents a 27.5% speed improvement over conventional gesture typing with voice feedback.

Conclusions:

  • Novel keyboard designs and a specialized decoding algorithm significantly enhance gesture typing for low vision users.
  • The key-magnified keyboard offers a faster and more accessible text input method.