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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Brain aging and rejuvenation at single-cell resolution.

Eric D Sun1, Rahul Nagvekar2, Angela N Pogson3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Biomedical Informatics Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

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Single-cell omics reveal how brain aging affects individual cells and their interactions, offering insights into neurodegenerative diseases and potential rejuvenation strategies.

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agingbraincell-cell interactionsmulti-omicsregenerationrejuvenationsingle-cell transcriptomicsspatial transcriptomics

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Brain aging causes cognitive decline and increases vulnerability to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
  • Understanding cellular changes is crucial for addressing age-related brain dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review insights from single-cell omics studies on brain aging.
  • To explore age-associated cellular changes, cell-cell interactions, and rejuvenation interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes single-cell omics technologies, including single-cell transcriptomics.
  • Analyzes high-dimensional profiling of individual brain cells.
  • Reviews existing literature on single-cell omics and brain aging.

Main Results:

  • Provides a cell-type-centric overview of age-related changes in the brain.
  • Discusses alterations in cell-cell interactions during the aging process.
  • Highlights the unbiased view single-cell omics offers on rejuvenation interventions.

Conclusions:

  • Single-cell omics offer a comprehensive understanding of brain aging at cellular resolution.
  • Rejuvenation interventions, particularly combinatorial approaches, show promise for brain health.
  • Neural stem cells are proposed as a key focus for future brain rejuvenation research.