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Updated: Jan 2, 2026

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
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Nematic liquid crystal flow driven by time-varying active surface anchoring.

Seyed Reza Seyednejad1, Miha Ravnik1,2

  • 1Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. seyed-reza.seyednejad@fmf.uni-lj.si.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We control material flow in liquid crystal cells using dynamic surface anchoring. This allows for tunable flow regimes like steady or oscillatory, with potential applications in photonics.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit complex flow behaviors.
  • Surface anchoring conditions significantly influence fluid dynamics.
  • Controlling these flows is crucial for advanced material applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the generation of diverse material flow regimes in nematic liquid cells.
  • To investigate the role of time-variable active surface anchoring in controlling these flows.
  • To explore potential applications in photonics and synthetic active matter.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulation of a passive nematic fluid within a confined cell.
  • Application of time-dependent surface anchoring with a dynamically variable easy axis.
  • Analysis of flow regimes resulting from varied anchoring driving directions and phases.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated diverse flow regimes: no-net flow, oscillatory flow, steady flow, and pulsating flow.
  • Flow patterns are dependent on anchoring driving direction (co-rotating/counter-rotating) and relative phase.
  • Flow magnitude is tunable via cell thickness and anchoring driving frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Time-variable active surface anchoring offers precise control over nematic liquid crystal flow regimes.
  • This control mechanism opens avenues for responsive surfaces in photonics and synthetic active matter.
  • The findings provide a foundation for designing novel responsive materials and devices.