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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
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Developing a Prediction Model for Persistent Systolic Anterior Motion After Mitral Valve Repair.

Mitsuhiro Yano1, Masanori Nishimura1, Atsuko Yokota1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Miyazaki Medical Association Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan.

Annals of Thoracic Surgery Short Reports
|January 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The distance from the anterior leaflet tip to the interventricular septum predicts systolic anterior motion (SAM) after mitral valve repair. This finding aids in developing a new prediction model for SAM.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Cardiac Imaging
  • Predictive Modeling

Background:

  • Systolic anterior motion (SAM) is a potential complication following mitral valve repair.
  • Identifying predictors for SAM is crucial for improving surgical outcomes.
  • The distance between the anterior leaflet tip and interventricular septum is a novel area of investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distance between the anterior leaflet tip and interventricular septum as a predictor of SAM post-mitral valve repair.
  • To develop and validate a prediction model for persistent SAM.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study included 139 patients undergoing mitral valve repair for degenerative mitral regurgitation.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of persistent SAM.
  • A prediction model incorporating leaflet-septum distance and body surface area was developed and assessed.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of persistent SAM was 5.8%.
  • The distance between the anterior leaflet tip and interventricular septum was significantly associated with persistent SAM.
  • The prediction model demonstrated high accuracy (concordance index of 0.934) and good calibration.

Conclusions:

  • The distance between the anterior leaflet tip and interventricular septum is a significant predictor of persistent SAM.
  • A prediction model combining leaflet-septum distance and body surface area can effectively predict persistent SAM.
  • This model offers clinical utility in assessing SAM risk after mitral valve repair.