Late Ultra-High-Risk Recurrence of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia Seven Years Posttreatment

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) comprises a category of malignant or potentially malignant tumors that arise from gestational trophoblasts. Almost all cases of GTN experience a recurrence within the first year following treatment, although recurrences become rare after five years. Recurrent GTN tends to have a poor prognosis, primarily due to challenges in management, a high rate of relapse, and a low five-year survival rate. We documented a case of a patient with posttreatment ultra-high-risk recurrent GTN after seven years. The individual was hospitalized due to elevated serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels, liver metastasis, and enlarged lung size. After three cycles of the etoposide and cisplatin (EP) regimen, the patient showed a positive response before transitioning to the eight cycles of conventional etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine (EMA/CO) protocol.