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Related Concept Videos

Alterations in Blood Pressure01:30

Alterations in Blood Pressure

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Alterations in blood pressure, such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and hypotension (low blood pressure), significantly affect human health. Understanding these conditions' classifications, causes, and symptoms is essential for effective management and treatment.
Hypertension (High blood pressure)
Hypertension occurs when blood pressure readings consistently exceed the normal range. It is diagnosed when systolic blood pressure (the top number, indicating pressure while the heart...
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Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

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Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
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Hormonal Regulation01:33

Hormonal Regulation

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The renin-aldosterone system is an endocrine system which guides the renal absorption of water and electrolytes, thus managing blood pressure and osmoregulation. Activation of the system begins in the kidneys with a small cluster of cells adjacent to the afferent and efferent blood vessels of the renal corpuscle. As the nephrons are filtering blood, juxtaglomerular cells monitor blood pressure. If they detect a decrease in pressure, they release the hormone renin into the bloodstream.
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Special considerations while measuring blood pressure01:28

Special considerations while measuring blood pressure

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When assessing blood pressure (BP), healthcare professionals must consider various factors and potential unexpected outcomes to ensure accurate readings and provide proper patient care. Adhering to these guidelines is essential to achieving the most reliable results.
Monitoring Both Arms:
Monitoring BP in both arms during the initial assessment is advisable, as the systolic value may differ by five to ten mm Hg between arms. For subsequent BP assessments, use the arm with the higher reading.
703
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

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Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
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A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

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Smaller decrease in late second trimester blood pressure is associated with gestational hypertensive disease

Raina Advani1, R Shree2, Catherine M Albright2

  • 1Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 550 Peachtree Street, NE, Atlanta, GA 30308, USA.

Pregnancy Hypertension
|January 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A smaller decrease in blood pressure (BP) during the second trimester is linked to a higher risk of developing gestational hypertensive disease. This finding suggests potential vascular issues in pregnant individuals diagnosed with this condition.

Keywords:
Blood pressureGestational hypertensive diseaseHypertensive disorders of pregnancyNadirTrajectory

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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology in Pregnancy
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Gestational hypertensive disease (GHD) encompasses conditions like gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
  • Normal pregnancy involves a physiological decrease in blood pressure (BP) during the second trimester.
  • Understanding factors associated with GHD development is crucial for maternal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the magnitude of BP reduction in the second trimester and the incidence of GHD.
  • To determine if a smaller BP decline is a predictor for developing gestational hypertensive disease.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 3,355 pregnant individuals (ages 18-40) with singleton gestations.
  • Exclusion of individuals with chronic hypertension.
  • Calculation of systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decrease between the first and second trimesters.

Main Results:

  • 18% of the cohort developed gestational hypertensive disease (GHDP).
  • Individuals with GHDP exhibited significantly higher first-trimester SBP, DBP, and MAP compared to those without GHDP.
  • A significantly smaller decrease in SBP and MAP was observed between the first and second trimesters in individuals who developed GHDP.

Conclusions:

  • A diminished physiological drop in second-trimester BP, specifically in SBP and MAP, is associated with an increased likelihood of developing GHDP.
  • This reduced BP decline may indicate underlying vascular dysregulation during pregnancy.
  • Further research using non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring is warranted to explore the biological mechanisms behind this phenomenon.