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Energy Efficiency in Turning: A Comparative Analysis of Screw Drive and Linear Drive CNC Machine Tools
Agnieszka Terelak-Tymczyna1, Krzysztof Marchelek1, Ryszard Daniel Ziętek1,2
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, al. Piastów 19, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2025
Summary
This study compares screw and linear drive CNC machine tools. Linear drives consume more reactive power at idle, but both systems significantly reduce it with compensation, improving energy efficiency in turning operations.
Area of Science:
- Manufacturing Engineering
- Energy Systems Analysis
Background:
- Energy efficiency is crucial for sustainable manufacturing.
- CNC machine tools utilize various drive systems, impacting energy consumption.
- Understanding active and reactive power is key to evaluating machine tool efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comparatively analyze the energy efficiency of screw and linear drive CNC machine tools.
- To investigate active and reactive energy consumption during turning operations.
- To assess the impact of compensation techniques on power reduction.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of two CNC lathes (screw drive vs. linear drive).
- Measurement of active and reactive energy consumption during turning.
- Evaluation of power reduction achieved through compensation techniques.
Main Results:
- Linear drives showed higher idle reactive power consumption (8 kVar) than screw drives (1.2 kVar).
- Both systems achieved nearly 70% reduction in reactive power with compensation.
- Power reduction with compensation was 23-30% for screw drives and 36-47% for linear drives.
Conclusions:
- Both active and reactive energy must be considered for accurate machine tool energy efficiency evaluation.
- Compensation techniques offer significant power reduction potential for both screw and linear drive systems.
- Findings support informed selection of drive systems for sustainable manufacturing.
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