Characterization and Biomedical Applications of Electrospun PHBV Scaffolds Derived from Organic Residues

This study explores the characterization and application of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) synthesized from organic residues, specifically milk and molasses. Six PHBV samples with varying 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) content (7%, 15%, and 32%) were analyzed to assess how 3HV composition influences their properties. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including NMR, FTIR, XRD, DSC, TGA, and tensile-stress test, were used to evaluate the molecular structure, thermal properties, crystalline structure, and mechanical behavior. Selected PHBV samples were fabricated into nanofibrous scaffolds via electrospinning, with uniform fibers successfully produced after parameter optimization. The electrospun scaffolds were further analyzed using DSC, GPC, and SEM. Biological evaluations, including cytotoxicity, in vitro drug release, and antibacterial activity tests, were also conducted. The results indicate that the electrospun PHBV scaffolds are biocompatible and exhibit promising properties for biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery. This study demonstrates the potential of using organic residues to produce high-value biopolymers with tailored properties for specific applications.