The Association Between Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA), Inflammatory Biomarkers, and Mitochondrial DNA Copy...

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Periodontology
• Biomarkers

Background:

• Periodontitis is a bacterial-induced inflammatory disease affecting the gums.
• It can trigger systemic immune responses and enter the bloodstream.
• The Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) quantifies the inflammatory burden.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between PISA and inflammatory biomarkers.
• To assess the relationship between PISA and antioxidant levels.
• To determine if PISA correlates with mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn).

Main Methods:

• Calculation of PISA score using periodontal parameters.
• Measurement of serum inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidants.
• Extraction of mtDNA and nuclear DNA (nDNA) from buccal swabs.

Main Results:

• Higher PISA correlated with increased C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocytes, neutrophils, and erythrocytes.
• A lower magnesium-to-calcium ratio was observed with higher PISA.
• No association was found between PISA and mtDNAcn.
• Deep pockets were linked to higher leukocyte/neutrophil counts and uric acid.

Conclusions:

• PISA may serve as a valid measure for the inflammatory burden of periodontitis.
• PISA is not suitable for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction via mtDNA from buccal swabs.