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The third heart sound.

P S Reddy

    International Journal of Cardiology
    |March 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new theory explains the origin of the third heart sound (S3) and rapid filling wave in various conditions. This concept clarifies S3 presence in mitral stenosis and its hemodynamic importance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • The third heart sound (S3) and apexcardiogram rapid filling wave are common findings.
    • Their precise genesis in both physiological and pathological states remains incompletely understood.
    • Existing explanations do not fully account for all observed phenomena, such as S3 in mitral stenosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a unified conceptual framework for the generation of the third heart sound (S3).
    • To explain the associated rapid filling wave observed in apexcardiograms.
    • To elucidate the hemodynamic significance of S3 across physiological and pathological conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical modeling of cardiac mechanics and hemodynamics.
    • Integration of existing physiological and clinical data.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative analysis of S3 characteristics in diverse conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • A unitary concept is presented that accounts for S3 genesis.
    • The theory explains the rapid filling wave of the apexcardiogram.
    • It clarifies the presence of S3 in conditions like mitral stenosis and constrictive pericarditis.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed unitary concept provides a comprehensive explanation for the third heart sound (S3).
    • This framework enhances understanding of S3's role in both normal physiology and various cardiovascular pathologies.
    • It offers a new perspective on the hemodynamic implications of S3.