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Cell integrity limits ploidy in budding yeast.

Juliet Barker1, Andrew Murray2, Stephen P Bell1

  • 1Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)
|January 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organismal ploidy, or chromosome content, is limited by cell surface integrity. Increased ploidy in yeast cells impacts gene expression and survival, suggesting size constraints on genome duplication.

Keywords:
cell cyclecell sizecell surface stressgenome doublingpolyploidy

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ploidy increases are frequent in evolution and can be adaptive.
  • Sudden genome multiplication presents physiological challenges, reducing cell survival and proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the physiological challenges of increased ploidy.
  • Determine the maximum ploidy limit in S. cerevisiae.
  • Identify factors influencing this limit.

Main Methods:

  • Generated polyploid yeast cells via endoreplication.
  • Assessed maximum ploidy levels (32-64C).
  • Analyzed gene expression changes and cell surface stress factors.

Main Results:

  • Maximum ploidy is influenced by cell surface stress.
  • Increased ploidy represses genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis.
  • Cell size increase accompanying genome duplication impacts cell surface integrity.

Conclusions:

  • Ploidy limit is constrained by cell surface integrity.
  • Cell size and surface stress are key determinants of maximum ploidy.