Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Electrical Double Layer

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Point, Line and Plane Defects

A perfect crystal, in theory, has a uniform structure with the same unit cell and lattice points throughout. However, any deviation from this periodic arrangement is known as an imperfection or defect. These defects can be categorized into three types: point, line, and plane defects.Point defects occur when there is a deviation from the ideal due to missing atoms, displaced atoms, or additional atoms. These imperfections might occur due to imperfect packing during crystallization or because of...

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

Non-stoichiometric defects refer to a type of defect in the crystal structure of a compound where the ratio of its constituent elements deviates from the ideal stoichiometric ratio. There are two main types of non-stoichiometric defects: metal excess defects and metal deficiency defects.Metal excess defects occur when there is a slight surplus of metal ions than what is required by the stoichiometric ratio of the compound. For example, heating a sodium chloride crystal in sodium vapor results...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

High-rate single-crystalline Li-rich layered oxide with diversified surface-phase cation ordering for Li-ion batteries.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Atomic Origins of Ultrahigh-Voltage Failure in LiCoO<sub>2</sub> Cathodes.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Operando identification of anion effect on lithium nucleation and growth via in situ transmission electron microscopy.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Increasingly Reversible Na/Cl<sub>2</sub> and Li/Cl<sub>2</sub> Batteries.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Polymer-Modulated Solvation Chemistry via Compatibilizing-Solvent Plasticization for Stable High-Energy Lithium Metal Batteries.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Publisher Correction: Theory-driven design of high-valence metal sites for water oxidation confirmed using in situ soft X-ray absorption.

Nature chemistry·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Published on: February 8, 2018

Resolving electrochemically triggered topological defect dynamics and structural degradation in layered oxides.

Chunyang Wang^1,2, Rui Zhang¹, Ju Li^3,4

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|January 13, 2025

Summary

This study reveals how dislocations, a key defect, drive structural degradation in layered oxide cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Atomic-scale observations show dislocation movement and its link to battery material failure.

Keywords:

cathode defect dislocation layered oxide lithium-ion batteries

More Related Videos

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Published on: February 8, 2018

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Layered oxides are crucial cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
Structural degradation limits the lifespan and performance of these batteries.
Topological defects, like dislocations, significantly influence material stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To understand the atomistic mechanisms of topological defect-controlled structural degradation in layered oxide cathodes.
To investigate the role of dislocations in the electrochemical performance and degradation of lithium-ion battery materials.
To provide atomic-scale insights into dislocation dynamics during battery operation.

Main Methods:

Construction of an in-situ nanobattery within an electron microscope for atomic-scale monitoring.
Observation of electrochemical reactions and defect evolution at the atomic level.
Characterization of dislocation nucleation, movement, and annihilation processes.

Main Results:

Direct observation of electrochemically driven dislocation dynamics, including nucleation, glide, climb, and annihilation.
Identification of single dislocations and dislocation dipoles as key configurations.
First experimental measurement of dislocation glide and climb velocities.
Unraveling of dislocation activity-mediated degradation pathways like crack nucleation and phase transformation.

Conclusions:

Dislocation activity is a primary driver of structural degradation in layered oxide cathodes.
Atomic-scale understanding of dislocation dynamics is essential for designing stable next-generation battery materials.
In-situ electron microscopy provides unprecedented insights into battery material failure mechanisms.