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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

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Microglial galectin-3 increases with aging in the mouse hippocampus.

Hyun Joo Shin1, So Jeong Lee1, Hyeong Seok An1

  • 1Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology : Official Journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology
|January 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Aging brains show increased microglial activation and neuroinflammation, linked to higher galectin-3 levels. This suggests galectin-3 (galectin-3) is a key factor in age-related cognitive decline and brain inflammation.

Keywords:
AgingGalectin-3HippocampusMicrogliaNeuroinflammation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Microglial activation contributes to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline in aging.
  • Galectin-3 is implicated in microglial activation and phagocytosis.
  • The specific role of galectin-3 in the aged brain requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aging-related mechanisms in the mouse hippocampus.
  • To examine microglial galectin-3 expression during brain aging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized female C57BL/6 mice aged 6, 12, and 24 months.
  • Performed Western blot analysis for neurodegeneration and inflammation markers.
  • Conducted immunohistochemistry to assess microglial activation and galectin-3 expression.
  • Treated primary mouse microglial cells with lipopolysaccharide.

Main Results:

  • Older mice (24 months) exhibited neurodegeneration, blood-brain barrier leakage, and elevated neuroinflammation markers.
  • Increased microglial activation was observed in the hippocampus of aged mice.
  • Higher levels of galectin-3 and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) were found in microglia of aged mice.
  • Galectin-3 expression increased in microglial cells upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • Galectin-3 expression is upregulated in activated microglia during brain aging.
  • Galectin-3 may play a significant role in age-related microglial activation and neuroinflammation.
  • These findings highlight galectin-3 as a potential therapeutic target for age-related cognitive impairments.