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Sygyzium claviflorum fruit extract preadipocyte differentiation inhibition in 3T3-L1 cells
Rozaini M Zohdi1,2, Muhammad A Adli1,2, Shahida M Mukhtar1
1Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Objective:
Concerns over the increasing number of obese individuals and the associated health risks have prompted therapeutic option explorations. Similarly, this study aimed to establish Sygyzium claviflorum fruit extract (SCFE) anti-adipogenic attributes in 3T3-L1 cells.
Methods:
The polyphenolic compounds in SCFE were identified with Reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Meanwhile, murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, measuring leptin levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid and triglyceride (TG) contents were utilized during anti-adipogenic activity assessments. Concurrently, the effects of SCFE on adipogenic transcription factors were established with quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results:
The RP-HPLC results indicated three polyphenolic compounds in SCFE, including one flavonoid (naringin) and two phenolic acids (syringic and p-coumaric). Although SCFE treatments (250-1000 μg/mL) did not result in cell toxicity, they significantly reduced dose-dependent lipid accumulation, ROS production, and TG and leptin levels relative to control-differentiated adipocytes. Moreover, SCFE suppressed sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBP-α) gene expressions during preadipocyte differentiation into adipocytes.
Conclusion:
The findings revealed the anti-adipogenic properties of SCFE, indicating its potential as a natural obesity management remedy. Nevertheless, more studies are necessary to elucidate the reactions resulting in SCFE anti-adipogenic effects and the active constituents responsible for the property.
Insights
Syzygium claviflorum fruit extract (SCFE) shows anti-adipogenic properties by reducing lipid accumulation and key gene expressions. This natural extract holds potential for obesity management, warranting further investigation into its active compounds.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Obesity is a growing global health concern, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
- Exploring natural compounds for anti-obesity effects is a key research area.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-adipogenic potential of Syzygium claviflorum fruit extract (SCFE).
- To assess SCFE's effects on lipid accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adipogenic gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells.
Main Methods:
- Polyphenolic compounds in SCFE were identified using Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC).
- 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were used to evaluate anti-adipogenic activity, measuring leptin, ROS, lipid, and triglyceride (TG) levels.
- Quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assessed the impact of SCFE on adipogenic transcription factors.
Main Results:
- RP-HPLC identified three polyphenolic compounds in SCFE: naringin, syringic acid, and p-coumaric acid.
- SCFE (250-1000 μg/mL) demonstrated no cytotoxicity and significantly reduced dose-dependent lipid accumulation, ROS production, and TG and leptin levels.
- SCFE suppressed the gene expression of SREBP-1, PPAR-γ, and C/EBP-α during adipocyte differentiation.
Conclusions:
- SCFE exhibits significant anti-adipogenic properties in vitro.
- SCFE shows promise as a natural remedy for obesity management.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and active compounds responsible for SCFE's effects.
