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Physical Restraint in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional, Observational Study in China

Ling-Ying Wang, Zi-Yi Hu, Meng-Lin Tang

    The Journal of Nursing Research : JNR
    |January 14, 2025
    PubMed

    Insights

    Physical restraint (PR) is common in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in China, affecting 69.1% of patients. Age, mechanical ventilation, drainage tubes, and sedation are key factors associated with PR use in PICUs.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Intensive Care
    • Medical Device Use
    • Patient Safety

    Background:

    • Limited research exists on physical restraint (PR) protocols in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).
    • Previous studies in China primarily focused on adult patient restraint.
    • Data on PR application in Chinese PICUs is scarce.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To delineate the application of physical restraint (PR) in Chinese PICUs.
    • To identify factors associated with PR use in pediatric intensive care settings.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single PICU in China.
    • Data from 1,086 pediatric patients were collected over 11 months (January-December 2020).
    • Logistic regression models analyzed risk factors for PR use.

    Main Results:

    • 69.1% of pediatric patients (750/1086) were physically restrained.
    • Restraint duration exceeded 50% of PICU stay for 83.5% of restrained patients.
    • Age (1-17 years), mechanical ventilation, drainage tubes, and sedation were significant factors associated with PR use.

    Conclusions:

    • Physical restraint is prevalent in Chinese PICUs.
    • Standardized PR procedures and enhanced staff education are crucial for Chinese PICUs.
    • Age, mechanical ventilation, drainage tubes, and sedation necessitate careful consideration regarding PR.
    Abstract

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