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Preference for Distinct Variants in Learning Sound Correspondences During Dialect Acquisition.

Xiaoyu Yu1, Youngah Do1

  • 1Department of Linguistics, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.

Language and Speech
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Learners prefer distinct sound correspondences (SCs) in complex second dialect acquisition. This preference emerges only with sufficiently distinct variants and complex mapping structures, not simple ones.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Phonological acquisition
  • Second dialect learning
  • Sociolinguistics

Background:

  • Sound correspondences (SCs) are learnable phonological patterns in second dialect acquisition.
  • SCs can involve similar or distinct variants, but the effect of variant similarity on SC learning is understudied.
  • Existing hypotheses suggest either a preference for distinct (salience hypothesis) or similar (learning bias hypothesis) variants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how sound similarity influences the learning of sound correspondences (SCs) in an artificial language learning experiment.
  • To test whether learners prefer similar or distinct variants within SCs.
  • To examine the role of mapping complexity in SC learning.

Main Methods:

  • An artificial language learning experiment was designed to assess SC learning.
  • The degree of similarity between dialect variants was measured using multidimensional phonetic and phonological metrics.
  • These metrics were cross-validated with typological evidence.
  • Learning of one-to-one, two-to-one, and one-to-two SCs was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • No significant effect of variant similarity was observed in the learning of simple one-to-one SCs.
  • A preference for the most distinct dialect variant emerged in the learning of SCs with complex mapping structures (two-to-one and one-to-two).
  • This preference for distinctness was conditional on the complexity of the mapping structure and the magnitude of the sound distance.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms a preference for distinct variants in SC learning, but only under specific conditions.
  • This preference is triggered by complex mapping structures and requires a sufficient degree of acoustic distance between variants.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the factors influencing phonological pattern learning in second dialect acquisition.