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Engineered Cell Microenvironments: A Benchmark Tool for Radiobiology.

Qais Akolawala1,2, Angelo Accardo1

  • 1Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 15, 2025
PubMed
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Engineered cell microenvironments offer new ways to study radiation effects on cancer cells. This research compares different models for in vitro radiobiology, aiming for personalized cancer medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Radiation Oncology

Background:

  • Engineered cell microenvironments have advanced mechanobiology, disease modeling, and tissue engineering.
  • In vitro radiobiology investigates ionizing radiation's effects on cells, focusing on DNA damage and cell death.
  • Current models face limitations in accurately mimicking in vivo conditions for radiation studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comparative assessment of scaffold-free, scaffold-based, and organ-on-a-chip models for in vitro radiobiology.
  • To highlight the opportunities and limitations of each model type.
  • To identify future research directions for improving radiobiology models and advancing personalized cancer medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of scaffold-free, scaffold-based, and organ-on-a-chip models.
Keywords:
3D printingcancerengineered cell microenvironmentsorgan-on-a-chiporganoidsradiobiology

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  • Review of existing literature and research trends in in vitro radiobiology.
  • Assessment of model applicability for studying DNA damage and cell death induced by ionizing radiation.

    • Main Results:

    • Scaffold-free models offer simplicity but may lack structural integrity.
    • Scaffold-based models provide better structural support but can introduce material interference.
    • Organ-on-a-chip models offer advanced physiological relevance but are complex and costly.

    Conclusions:

    • Each model type presents unique advantages and disadvantages for in vitro radiobiology research.
    • Further development is needed to optimize these models for accurate radiation response prediction.
    • Advancements in engineered microenvironments are crucial for developing personalized cancer therapies.