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A systematic review on attachment and down syndrome
S Vanwalleghem1, R Miljkovitch2
1UR CLIPSYD, Department of Psychology, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France.
Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability
|January 16, 2025
Summary
Children with Down syndrome can form secure attachments, though they have a higher risk of atypical or disorganized attachment patterns. Further research is needed to understand unclassifiable attachment in this population.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Genetics
Background:
- Investigates the impact of sociocognitive characteristics in Down syndrome on attachment formation across different age groups.
- Examines how Down syndrome influences the development of secure, insecure, and disorganized attachment patterns.
Approach:
- Systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched psycINFO, MEDLINE, and Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection databases (1975-2021).
- Included 12 studies for analysis.
Key Points:
- Most children with Down syndrome exhibit distinct attachment patterns in infancy and childhood, with approximately 50% achieving secure attachment.
- Children with Down syndrome show an elevated risk for atypical/unclassifiable or disorganized attachment compared to typically developing peers.
- The precise influence of cognitive disability on attachment patterns remains inconclusive.
Conclusions:
- Down syndrome does not prevent the development of secure attachment.
- Further investigation is required to elucidate the nature and implications of the unclassifiable attachment category in Down syndrome.
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