Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation01:24

Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation

1.1K
During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
1.1K
Primary Motives: Hunger and Thirst01:25

Primary Motives: Hunger and Thirst

155
Hunger and thirst are fundamental physiological drives crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring the survival of both humans and animals. These drives are regulated through complex interactions between the brain, hormones, and sensory receptors.
Hunger arises when the brain detects changes in the body's nutrient levels, including glucose, lipids, amino acids, and hormones such as ghrelin and leptin. The hypothalamus plays a central role in hunger regulation. The lateral hypothalamus...
155
Regulation of Food Intake01:30

Regulation of Food Intake

182
Short-term regulation of food intake primarily involves neural signals from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, blood nutrient levels, and GI tract hormones. Communication between the gut and brain via vagal nerve fibers plays a significant role in evaluating the contents of the gut. Clinical studies have shown that protein ingestion produces a more prolonged response in these nerve fibers compared to an equivalent amount of glucose. Additionally, the activation of stretch receptors caused by GI...
182
Anorexia Nervosa01:28

Anorexia Nervosa

43
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
43
Binge Eating Disorders01:23

Binge Eating Disorders

46
Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
46
Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State01:18

Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State

244
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
244

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Toward Equity in Prescribing Buprenorphine in the New Jersey Department of Corrections.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2025
Same author

Dosing and Misuse of Buprenorphine in the New Jersey Department of Corrections.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2024
Same author

Hospital Use and Mortality Among Decarcerated Individuals With Substance Use Disorder After a Large-scale COVID-19 Emergency Prison Release Program.

JAMA health forum·2023
Same author

Prescribing Psychotropic Medications for Justice-Involved Juveniles.

Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care·2023
Same author

The Case for Medication for Opioid Use Disorder during Incarceration as Standard of Care.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2022
Same author

The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law Practice Resource for Prescribing in Corrections.

The journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2025

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

11.1K

Hunger Strikes After Restricted Housing Reform.

Anthony Tamburello1, Kerri Edelman2, Rusty Reeves2

  • 1Dr. Tamburello is Associate Director of Psychiatry and Dr. Reeves is Director of Psychiatry, University Correctional Health Care, Trenton, NJ. Dr. Tamburello is a Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and Dr. Reeves is a Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ. Dr. Edelman is a staff psychologist, Garden State Youth Correctional Facility, University Correctional Health Care, Yardville, NJ. tamburac@ubhc.rutgers.edu.

The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
|January 17, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New Jersey's Isolated Confinement Restriction Act (ICRA) did not change hunger strike frequency in prisons but significantly reduced their duration. This reform lessened health risks and costs associated with these protests.

Keywords:
hunger strikeisolated confinementprisonreformrestricted housing

More Related Videos

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
07:46

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa

Published on: October 22, 2015

14.3K
Hyponeophagia: A Measure of Anxiety in the Mouse
05:52

Hyponeophagia: A Measure of Anxiety in the Mouse

Published on: May 17, 2011

21.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2025

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

11.1K
Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
07:46

Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa

Published on: October 22, 2015

14.3K
Hyponeophagia: A Measure of Anxiety in the Mouse
05:52

Hyponeophagia: A Measure of Anxiety in the Mouse

Published on: May 17, 2011

21.9K

Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Public Health
  • Prison Reform

Background:

  • Hunger strikes are prevalent in carceral settings, posing significant health risks and increasing healthcare utilization.
  • A 2017 study indicated hunger strikes in New Jersey prisons often occurred in disciplinary settings.
  • The Isolated Confinement Restriction Act (ICRA) was enacted to improve confinement conditions, including reducing disciplinary housing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of the Isolated Confinement Restriction Act (ICRA) on the frequency and duration of hunger strikes in New Jersey correctional facilities.
  • To determine if reforms to conditions of confinement influenced hunger strike behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study analyzing hunger strike data before and after the implementation of the ICRA.
  • Statistical analysis to compare strike frequency, mean duration, median duration, and the rate of prolonged strikes (greater than three days).

Main Results:

  • The overall frequency of hunger strikes remained unchanged post-ICRA.
  • The mean duration of hunger strikes significantly decreased from 28.9 to 9.7 days (p = .034).
  • The median strike duration reduced from four to three days, and the rate of strikes exceeding three days declined (60.3% to 45.2%; p = .049).

Conclusions:

  • While ICRA did not alter the frequency of hunger strikes, it was associated with a significant reduction in their duration.
  • These findings suggest that reforms improving conditions of confinement can mitigate the health dangers and associated healthcare costs of hunger strikes.
  • Hunger strikes continue as a protest method, but their reduced duration may indicate a positive impact of confinement reforms on associated risks.