Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 20, 2026
The Transition to an Anterior-Based Muscle Sparing Approach Improves Early Postoperative Function but is Associated with a Learning Curve
Published on: September 7, 2022
Gender and Racial Disparities in Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Fellows: A Decade-Long Analysis
Imran Bitar1, Mazen Zamzam, Sazid Hasan
1From the Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine (Bitar, Zamzam, and Dr. Saleh), Rochester, MI; the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center (Dr. Hasan), Toledo, OH; and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Corewell Health (Dr. Saleh).
Background:
Despite increasing diversity among medical students, pediatric orthopaedic surgery remains underrepresented regarding gender and ethnic diversity. Previous studies highlight notable underrepresentation of women and minorities in orthopaedic subspecialty fellowships.
Methods:
This study analyzed data from 2013 to 2023 on pediatric orthopaedic surgery fellows, collected through the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and Graduate Medical Education Consensus. Self-identified race and gender data were used to assess trends over the decade.
Results:
The analysis included 380 fellows, of whom 62.4% were male and 37.1% were female. Racial distribution showed 62.9% White, 9.2% Asian, 4.5% Hispanic/Latino/Spanish, 4.5% Black/African American, 0% American Indian/Alaskan Native, 0% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 0.53% multiple race/ethnicity, and 8.4% other. Notably, 37.1% of fellows were non-White.
Conclusion:
The study reveals persistent gender and racial disparities in pediatric orthopaedic surgery fellowships. Targeted recruitment and support for underrepresented groups, along with systemic changes to address barriers, are crucial for fostering a diverse and inclusive workforce. Enhanced diversity is essential for providing culturally competent care to the diverse patient population.
