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Updated: Jun 1, 2025
Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
Reducing heart failure events via individualized patient education program in patients with reduced ejection fraction
Anu Philip1, Chakrakodi Shasidhara Shastry1, Basavaraj Utagi2
1Department of Pharmacy Practice, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.
Insights
An individualized patient education program (IPEP) significantly reduced heart failure rehospitalization rates and improved quality of life for patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This patient education program enhanced self-care practices and medication adherence.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
- Public Health
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) disease management programs improve clinical outcomes through medication management and lifestyle changes.
- Reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) requires specialized patient education for effective management.
- Standard care in HF may not fully address patient self-care needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized patient education program (IPEP) for patients with HFrEF.
- To assess the impact of IPEP on clinical outcomes, self-care practices, medication adherence, and quality of life.
- To determine the role of academic pharmacists in delivering patient education for HFrEF.
Main Methods:
- Prospective interventional study with 164 patients randomized into control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups.
- The IG received IPEP from an academic pharmacist, while both groups received standard care.
- Outcomes including self-care, medication adherence, quality of life, and rehospitalization were assessed at 6 and 12 months using statistical analyses.
Main Results:
- The 1-year rehospitalization rate was significantly lower in the IG (33%) compared to the CG (48%) (HR=0.55, p=0.018).
- Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly lower rehospitalization rate in the IG over time (log-rank P=0.017).
- The IG demonstrated significant improvements in self-care practices, medication adherence, and quality of life at 6 and 12 months (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusions:
- An individualized patient education program (IPEP) delivered by an academic pharmacist is effective for HFrEF management.
- IPEP significantly reduces one-year rehospitalization rates in patients with HFrEF.
- IPEP enhances patient self-care, medication adherence, and quality of life.
Background:
Disease management programs for heart failure (HF) often include various strategies such as medication management and lifestyle modifications, and are known to improve clinical outcomes.
Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness of an individualized patient education program (IPEP) specifically designed for patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) on clinical outcomes.
Methods:
In our prospective interventional study involving 164 patients, participants were divided into control (CG) and intervention (IG) groups. The IG received the IPEP facilitated by the academic pharmacist, while both the IG and the CG continued to receive standard care from the healthcare team without any differences in the care provided. Self-care practices, medication adherence, quality of life, and clinical outcomes were assessed at both the 6th and 12th months. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests, Kaplan-Meier survival plots, and Multivariable Cox proportional regression analysis. Data analysis was conducted using JAMOVI and R software.
Results:
The demographic and clinical characteristics of sample population were largely homogeneous in both the groups. The unadjusted 1-year rehospitalization (RH) rate was significantly lower in the IG at 33 % compared to 48 % in the CG, with a hazard ratio of 0.55 (95 % CI: 0.34-0.90, p = 0.018). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis depicts a higher RH rate for HFrEF participants over time, with a significant difference observed between CG and IG (log-rank P = 0.017). Notable disparities in self-care practices emerged & at the 6th and 12th-month assessments medication adherence & QoL were significantly improved in the IG (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion:
IPEP led by an academic pharmacist resulted in improved self-care practices, enhanced quality of life, and reduced one-year rehospitalization rates.
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