Efficacy of Using Photobiomodulation Therapy in Allergic Rhinitis: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

Recent studies have extensively explored new non-invasive and side-effect-free therapeutic strategies for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) utilizes photons from the red to infrared spectrum to modulate biological processes, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of PBMT in patients with AR.

This study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial involving 62 patients with AR. Participants underwent PBMT twice weekly, totaling eight sessions over the course of 1 month. The control group consisted of 29 patients who received treatment with a non-light-emitting device, while 33 patients in the laser therapy group received a protocol of 6 J of red and infrared light administered intranasally, along with 1 J of infrared light applied externally to the nose. Objective, psychophysical, and subjective assessments of nasal obstruction and olfactory function were conducted both before and after the treatment.

PBMT contributed to significant improvements in various nasal and respiratory parameters. The peak nasal inspiratory flow demonstrated significant improvement (p < 0.001), and the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale indicated notable enhancement in nasal obstruction (p = 0.048). Additionally, the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test reflected significant symptom improvement over the past week (p = 0.035). However, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test showed no significant change in olfactory function (p = 0.251).

Our data suggest that PBMT may serve as a promising therapeutic option for individuals with AR, providing an alternative for those who are unable to tolerate conventional medications. Furthermore, it demonstrates efficacy and safety as a viable treatment alternative.