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The Perceived Handism Discrimination Scale (PHDS): Development and factor analysis.

Maria Campo Redondo1, Laura Gamboa2, Gabriel Andrade3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Left-handed individuals face overlooked discrimination. A new scale, the Perceived Handism Discrimination Scale (PHDS), was developed to measure this unique bias, offering a tool for societal change.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Discrimination based on race and gender is widely recognized.
  • Discrimination against left-handed individuals, termed 'handism,' is often overlooked.
  • A validated measurement tool is needed to quantify perceived handism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Perceived Handism Discrimination Scale (PHDS).
  • To assess the extent to which left-handed individuals perceive discrimination based on their hand preference.
  • To identify the dimensions of perceived handism discrimination.

Main Methods:

  • Initial 20-item scale evaluated by experts using Lawshe's methodology.
  • Scale refined to 12 items, then analyzed with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA).
  • Final 10-item scale validated on two independent samples (n=200 each).

Main Results:

  • The final 10-item PHDS demonstrated good psychometric properties and reliability.
  • Factor analysis revealed two key dimensions: cultural and individual handism discrimination.
  • While factor analysis assumptions were not ideal, the scale showed statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • The PHDS is a valuable tool for measuring perceived handism discrimination.
  • Findings highlight the need for further scale refinement.
  • The scale can inform policies aimed at reducing the societal impact of handism.