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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Bioprinting Cellularized Constructs Using a Tissue-specific Hydrogel Bioink
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Genetic Engineered Ultrasound-Triggered Injectable Hydrogels for Promoting Bone Reconstruction.

Zhenyu Zhao1,2, Huitong Ruan2, Aopan Chen1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, China.

Research (Washington, D.C.)
|January 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces ultrasound-triggered injectable hydrogels for in situ gene therapy. This novel system promotes bone reconstruction by delivering the Zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) gene, enhancing angiogenesis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Gene Therapy
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Current gene therapy strategies face challenges like complexity, single treatment modalities, and invasive implantation.
  • There is a need for advanced, minimally invasive gene delivery systems for effective in vivo gene therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ultrasound-triggered injectable hydrogel system for in situ gene therapy.
  • To promote bone reconstruction and angiogenesis in osteoporosis models via genetic engineering.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed injectable hydrogels using ultrasonic technology for in situ cross-linking and gene delivery.
  • Utilized ultrasound-triggered calcium release to activate transglutaminase and fibrinogen cross-linking.
  • Incorporated liposomes carrying the Zinc-finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) gene plasmid (Lip-ZEB1) for targeted gene transfection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved ultrasound-triggered in situ cross-linking and successful delivery of Lip-ZEB1.
  • Demonstrated sustained release of ZEB1 gene plasmid, leading to its introduction into endothelial cell genomes.
  • Observed promotion of angiogenesis and bone reconstruction through the ZEB1/Notch signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ultrasound-triggered injectable hydrogels offer an advanced gene delivery system.
  • This strategy enables in situ gene therapy with potential for treating bone defects and osteoporosis.
  • The system overcomes limitations of traditional gene therapy, offering a minimally invasive approach.