Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026
06:04
Antigen-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Specific Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Published on: February 24, 2023
Performance of Antibody-Detection Tests for Human Melioidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Kasturi Selvam1, Mohamad Ahmad Najib1, Muhammad Fazli Khalid1
1Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences : MJMS
|January 20, 2025
Summary
Rapid antibody tests offer a promising alternative for diagnosing melioidosis, a serious infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and immunochromatographic tests show high accuracy for detecting Burkholderia pseudomallei.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Diagnostic Technologies
Background:
- Melioidosis is a severe infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei.
- Current gold standard diagnosis via culture is slow, delaying critical treatment.
- Need for rapid, non-culture-based diagnostic methods is high.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the performance of antibody-detection tests for melioidosis.
- To evaluate the accuracy of various antibody detection methods.
- To identify optimal antigens and techniques for rapid melioidosis diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of two databases up to December 31, 2023.
- Inclusion of 29 studies from 453 identified articles.
- Analysis of antibody detection methods including ELISAs, immunochromatographic tests, and surface plasmon resonance assays.
Main Results:
- Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using recombinant outer membrane protein A (OmpA)-specific antibodies (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD) achieved 95.0% sensitivity and 98.0% specificity.
- Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) using Hcp1 antigen showed 88.3% sensitivity and 91.6% specificity.
- Surface plasmon resonance assay with BipD antigen demonstrated 100.0% sensitivity and 100.0% specificity.
Conclusions:
- Antibody-detection tests, particularly ELISAs and RDTs, are effective alternatives to culture for melioidosis diagnosis.
- Specific antigens like OmpA, Hcp1, and BipD show high diagnostic potential.
- Combining antigens or techniques can further improve diagnostic accuracy for melioidosis.
