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Characteristics of Fluids

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When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Generation of Scalable, Metallic High-Aspect Ratio Nanocomposites in a Biological Liquid Medium

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Published on: July 8, 2015

Liquid-solid composites with confined interface behaviors.

Shijie Yu¹, Yina Jiang¹, Lejian Yu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.

National Science Review

|January 20, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Liquid-solid composites, featuring confined liquids in solid frameworks, offer advanced functionalities like anti-fouling and drag reduction. These novel materials enable controllable motions for diverse applications.

Keywords:

liquid gating technology liquid motions liquid-based confined interface materials (LCIMs)liquid–solid composites multiphase interfacial interactions

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Interface Science

Background:

Traditional composite materials offer structural stability but lack dynamic properties.
Liquid-solid composites leverage fluidic properties and dynamic interfaces for novel applications.
Recent advancements focus on liquid-based confined interface materials integrating liquids within solid frameworks.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the development of liquid-based confined interface materials.
To highlight their unique characteristics, including defect-free surfaces and adaptive features.
To showcase their practical applications and future potential.

Main Methods:

Summarizing the development and preparation of liquid-based confined interface materials.
Analyzing their characteristic confined competitive multiphase interfacial interactions.
Showcasing applications driven by controllable liquid and solid framework motions.

Main Results:

Liquid-based confined interface materials exhibit defect-free, molecularly smooth surfaces.
These materials demonstrate functionalities such as anti-fouling, multiphase flow control, and drag reduction.
Their performance is linked to confined liquids within solid frameworks at mesoscopic scales.

Conclusions:

Liquid-based confined interface materials represent a significant advancement in materials science.
Their unique properties enable diverse applications, with potential for further enhancement through artificial intelligence.
Future research should focus on design, preparation, and exploring advanced functionalities.