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Updated: Jun 1, 2025
Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model
Published on: March 5, 2022
Diagnostic Utility of Various Hormones across Different Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotypes: A Cross-sectional Study
Padala Ravi Kumar1, Radha Krishna Telagareddy2, Deepak Kumar Dash1
1Department of Endocrinology, M.K.C.G Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha, India.
Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) presents a complex diagnostic challenge due to its heterogeneous nature.
Aim:
This study aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of various hormones across different PCOS phenotypes.
Settings And Design:
This cross-sectional study was carried out in 187 newly diagnosed PCOS women (18-40 years) attending the outdoor clinics of the department of endocrinology and obstetrics and gynaecology of a tertiary care centre in India.
Materials And Methods:
One hundred and eighty-seven PCOS women based on revised Rotterdam 2003 criteria were recruited. Ninety-four age-matched healthy females were taken as controls. All PCOS women were categorised into four phenotypes (A, B, C and D) based on the National Institute of Health (2012) criteria. Detailed clinical examination and hormonal investigations including testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were performed.
Statistical Analysis Used:
The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was generated to find the diagnostic utility of various hormones by using SPSS version 26.0 software.
Results:
The largest PCOS group was phenotype A (33.15%, n = 61) followed by phenotype B (28.6%, n = 52), phenotype D (23.9%, n = 44) and phenotype C (16.3%, n = 30). In ROC analysis, AMH and testosterone (except phenotype D) were good diagnostic parameters for PCOS. AMH cutoffs varied from 4.4 to 5.6 ng/mL with sensitivities and specificities ranging from 86% to 97% and 85% to 100%, respectively, across all PCOS phenotypes. In the entire PCOS cohort, AMH at an optimal cutoff of 5.28 ng/mL had sensitivity and specificity of 87% and 97%, respectively, for the diagnosis of PCOS. Optimal testosterone cutoffs were 29.3, 25.1 and 23.1 ng/dL for phenotypes A, B and C, respectively, with reasonable sensitivities and specificities but not in phenotype D. Luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH/FSH ratio, androstenedione and DHEAS had low-to-moderate sensitivity across all phenotypes.
Conclusion:
AMH is a useful hormonal diagnostic marker for PCOS across all phenotypes.
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