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Related Concept Videos

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

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Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
Description
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Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2025

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Anesthetic Management for Pediatric Lung Resection: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

Pedro Gonçalves1, Amélia Ferreira1, Rita Aguiar1

  • 1Anesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, PRT.

Cureus
|January 21, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Pediatric lung resection requires careful anesthetic management, including one-lung ventilation (OLV) techniques and multimodal pain control. Bronchial blockers (BBs) are often needed for OLV, with regional trunk blocks offering a safer alternative to epidural analgesia.

Keywords:
anesthetic managementlung resectionpediatric anesthesiologysingle-center studythoracotomyvideo-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (vats)

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Lung resection in children is a complex procedure requiring a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Anesthetic management is crucial for the safety and efficacy of pediatric lung resection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze anesthetic strategies and outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing lung resection.
  • To evaluate the challenges and safety of one-lung ventilation (OLV) and pain management in pediatric lung surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 17 pediatric patients (2012-2022).
  • Procedures included video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy.
  • Anesthetic techniques involved general anesthesia, invasive monitoring, OLV methods (DLTs, BBs), and multimodal analgesia (systemic, regional blocks).

Main Results:

  • 16 patients underwent VATS, 1 had open thoracotomy.
  • Cystic lung diseases were the primary indication.
  • OLV was achieved using DLTs and BBs; BBs were frequently used and sometimes applied extraluminally.
  • Multimodal analgesia included regional trunk blocks as a safer alternative to epidural analgesia.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative preparation is vital for successful pediatric lung resection.
  • OLV presents challenges, particularly in younger children.
  • Bronchial blockers (BBs) are essential for OLV, with careful placement needed.
  • Regional trunk blocks are a safe and effective alternative for postoperative pain management, reducing risks associated with thoracic epidurals.