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Updated: Jun 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Unlocking the Mysteries of Oral Potential Malignancies
Published on: August 11, 2023
DNA ploidy status as a predictor for malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia: a systematic review and
Nandisha Thakkar1, Deepa R Mane1, Punnya V Angadi1
1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, KLE VK Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belgaum, Karnataka India.
Objective:
To synthesize literature regarding determination of ploidy status in cases of oral leukoplakia (OL) with the research question: Can DNA ploidy assess malignant transformation (MT) in OL cases?
Study Design:
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022340184). The PECO (Population, Exposure, Comparator, and Outcome) was patients with OL, aneuploidy, diploidy, and MT in OL. Literature search databases included Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Risk of bias was assessed using modified REMARK tool. Forest plot for meta-analysis and funnel plot for publication bias were plotted (95% confidence interval).
Result:
Forest plots revealed that OL with aneuploidy (75.20%) and diploid lesion (8%) had greater risk of MT. The hazard ratio of aneuploid OL had 14.10 times increased risk of MT compared with diploid OL.
Conclusion:
We could gather evidence that detection of DNA aneuploidy status can help in predicting the MT of OL cases. We would also like to propose grading system of OL as low-risk transformation = diploid + mild or moderate dysplasia, and high-risk transformation = diploid + severe dysplasia / any aneuploid lesion.
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