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An Instrument for Evaluating the Self: The Self-Discrepancies Scale in Non-Clinical Participants.

Martine Bouvard1, Arnaud Carré2, Nathalie Fournet1

  • 1Univ.Grenoble Alpes, Univ Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 Grenoble, France.

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Summary

This study evaluated the Self-Discrepancies Scale (S-DS) in a new population, finding its abstract subscores better predict personality traits than idiographic ones. Results enhance understanding of self-discrepancy assessment.

Keywords:
Self-Discrepancies Scaleideal selfsocially prescribed selfunwanted traitwanted trait

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Self-Concept Research

Background:

  • The Self-Discrepancies Scale (S-DS) measures discrepancies between actual, ideal, and socially prescribed selves.
  • It utilizes both idiographic (trait endorsement) and abstract (overall judgment) subscores.
  • Previous research has established its utility, but further validation in diverse populations is beneficial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the S-DS in a new non-clinical population.
  • To expand data on the S-DS's convergent validity.
  • To investigate idiographic data and establish a nomothetic list of traits for the S-DS.

Main Methods:

  • The S-DS was administered to a non-clinical sample (N=422, mean age=23.26, 90% female).
  • A questionnaire measuring personality traits was included for convergent validity assessment.
  • Data analysis focused on internal reliability, correlations between subscores, and prediction of discrepancy by personality traits.

Main Results:

  • Internal reliability differed from prior research; the wanted ideal self (WIT%) showed weak links to discrepancy and distress.
  • Abstract discrepancy subscores correlated better with personality traits (e.g., neuroticism) than idiographic subscores.
  • Ideal and socially prescribed selves encompassed similar categories of wanted and unwanted traits, with wanted traits more endorsed in the ideal self.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides enhanced assessment of idiographic aspects of self-discrepancy.
  • Findings support the convergent validity of the S-DS.
  • Abstract subscores appear more robust predictors of personality correlates than idiographic ones in this sample.