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Updated: Jul 6, 2026

In vivo Optogenetic Stimulation of the Rodent Central Nervous System
Published on: January 15, 2015
Optogenetics in medicine: innovations and therapeutic applications
1Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Wuhu Hospital, Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Wuhu 241001, China.
Abstract:
Optogenetics, an innovative approach integrating photonics and genetic engineering, enables precise control over molecular and cellular processes, opening up exciting new opportunities for precision-guided medicine. In this review, we highlight recent advances in optogenetic tools and their applications across a range of medical conditions, including vision restoration in retinitis pigmentosa via light-activated ion channels, precise immune response modulation in cancer immunotherapy, and blood glucose management in diabetes through controllable drug release. Optogenetics also plays a critical role in bioelectronic medicine, enabling seamless communication between electronic systems and biological tissues to enhance therapeutic precision. Finally, we discuss the challenges and potential transition of optogenetics from experimental models to clinical therapies, emphasizing its immense potential to transform future medical treatments.
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