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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments
07:46

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

OpenIO: An open framework for AI-native immunotherapy.

Yingcheng Wu1, Hao Xiao1, Nan Jiang1

  • 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University; State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; National Engineering Center for Immunotherapy; Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University; Shanghai Academy of Natural Sciences, Shanghai, China.

Cancer Cell
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Open Immune Oncology (OpenIO) uses AI and omics data to advance precision oncology. This framework enables AI-driven engineering of immunotherapies, moving beyond empirical methods for better cancer treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments
07:46

Microfluidic Co-Culture Models for Dissecting the Immune Response in in vitro Tumor Microenvironments

Published on: April 30, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Precision oncology aims to tailor cancer treatments to individual patients.
  • Current immunotherapy approaches often rely on empirical screening.
  • Integrating diverse biological data is crucial for advancing treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Open Immune Oncology (OpenIO), a novel framework.
  • To integrate generative artificial intelligence (AI) and omics data for precision oncology.
  • To facilitate the transition towards AI-native engineering of immunotherapies.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging biological scaling laws.
  • Utilizing foundation models in AI.
  • Integrating generative AI with omics data.

Main Results:

  • The proposed framework, OpenIO, enables a more rational approach to immunotherapy development.
  • It facilitates the transition from empirical screening to AI-driven therapeutic engineering.
  • Potential for enhanced precision in oncology treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Open Immune Oncology (OpenIO) offers a new paradigm for precision oncology.
  • The framework supports AI-native engineering of immunotherapies.
  • This approach promises to optimize cancer treatment strategies through advanced AI and omics integration.