Complex mitral valve anatomy and open issues in transcatheter mitral valve replacement

Higher and prohibitive mitral valve disease surgical scenarios are preferred cases for transcatheter mitral valve replacement as they offer unrelenting mitral valve regurgitation reduction. This review entails medical technologies that are evolving bioprosthetic devices for mitral valve repair and replacement purposes. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement is compared with transcatheter aortic valve implantation based on the etiology and driving factors. Leading anchoring systems to place and fix the mitral valve prosthesis in left atrium/ventricle annulus are discussed. Furthermore, accessing modalities to stretch to the mitral valve including transapical, trans- aorta and transseptal are included along with the associated key challenges.