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Germline predisposition in multiple myeloma.

Fernanda Martins Rodrigues1,2,3, Jagoda Jasielec4, Melody Perpich4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

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|January 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rare genetic variants increase multiple myeloma (MM) risk, particularly in families. DNA repair gene disruptions may contribute to MM susceptibility, informing future risk assessment and therapies.

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CancerGeneticsMolecular biology

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy with a complex etiology.
  • Understanding genetic predisposition is crucial for risk stratification and early detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify rare germline predisposition variants associated with multiple myeloma.
  • To investigate the role of DNA damage repair pathways in MM susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Candidate gene sequencing in 954 sporadic and 82 familial multiple myeloma cases.
  • Analysis of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), biallelic events, and gene expression.
  • Characterization of variant pathogenicity using multiple lines of evidence.

Main Results:

  • Rare germline variants were found in 9.1% of sporadic and 18% of familial MM cases.
  • Implicated genes include known MM risk factors, cancer predisposition genes, and novel candidates like BRIP1, EP300, and FANCM in individuals of African ancestry.
  • Pathogenic variants in DNA damage repair genes were identified in 3.25% of sporadic cases.

Conclusions:

  • Germline predisposition variants contribute to multiple myeloma risk.
  • Disruption of DNA damage repair pathways is implicated in MM susceptibility.
  • Findings can guide improved surveillance and therapeutic strategies for high-risk individuals.