Grapevine cell response to carbon deficiency requires transcriptome and methylome reprogramming.
Margot M J Berger1, Virginie Garcia1, Nathalie Lacrampe2
1Ecophysiologie et Génomique Fonctionnelle de la Vigne (EGFV), University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, ISVV, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
Horticulture Research
|January 23, 2025
Summary
Plant cells adapt to sugar limitation by altering metabolism and gene expression. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, play a crucial role in this carbon-shortage response.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Epigenetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Sugar availability profoundly impacts plant cell metabolism, transcription, and function.
- The role of epigenetic regulation in plant cell adaptation to carbon limitation remains largely unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the contribution of epigenetic modifications to grapevine cell adaptation under sugar limitation.
- To understand how DNA methylation and gene expression change in response to glucose depletion.
Main Methods:
- Culturing nonphotosynthetic grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cells in vitro with varying glucose concentrations.
- Analyzing metabolic shifts, transcriptional reprogramming, and global DNA methylation levels.
- Utilizing flux modeling to assess metabolic pathway activity.
Main Results:
- Sugar depletion caused cell growth arrest, metabolic shifts, and transcriptional changes, including photosynthesis gene induction.
- Global DNA methylation levels increased significantly in glucose-depleted cells, primarily at transposable elements and differentially expressed genes.
- Genes encoding histone modifiers were differentially expressed, suggesting additional epigenetic mechanisms are involved.
Conclusions:
- Epigenetic regulation, especially DNA methylation, is a critical component of plant cell adaptation to sugar scarcity.
- These epigenetic changes likely contribute to the observed metabolic and transcriptional reprogramming under carbon-limited conditions.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the full spectrum of epigenetic mechanisms involved in plant carbon stress responses.
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