Plant-Derived Anti-Cancer Therapeutics and Biopharmaceuticals

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Oncology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Cancer remains a significant global health threat despite advances in treatment.
• Carcinogenesis involves complex signaling pathways, necessitating multifactorial therapeutic strategies.
• Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables is epidemiologically linked to reduced cancer risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the anticancer activities of key phytochemicals.
• To explore plant-derived compounds for targeted cancer prophylaxis and therapy.
• To highlight the potential of plant-based platforms, including vaccines and immunotherapies, for cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on plant-derived anticancer agents.
• Analysis of phytochemical mechanisms, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
• Discussion of signaling pathways modulated by phytochemicals in carcinogenesis.

Main Results:

• Plant-derived polyphenols (flavonoids, lignans, etc.) exhibit significant anticancer potential.
• Phytochemicals exert anticancer effects via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and molecular pathway modulation.
• Plant-based platforms like vaccines, nanoparticles, and immunotherapies are emerging as therapeutic options.

Conclusions:

• Plants are a valuable source of low-cost anticancer molecules and therapeutic platforms.
• Phytochemicals offer a promising avenue for targeted cancer prophylaxis and treatment.
• Plant-based strategies are particularly relevant for resource-poor developing countries.